- HTTP Specs
HTTP1.0, HTTP1.1, (WIDL) - Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) info
A gold MIME of information is at http://www.oac.uci.edu/indiv/ehood/MIME/MIME.html.
- Common Port assignments for our favorite programs
13 daytime - gives the date and time 21 FTP - for controlling a file transfer session 23 telnet 25 smtp - mail transfer 53 Domain Name Server 70 gopher 80 http - web pages!!! 110 mail server pop3 119 news 194 Internet Chat Relay Oddly enough you can use telnet to interact with these ports. For example, you can get mail the old fashioned way by telneting into port 110 ( Bold text is user input).
telnet texas.mail.net 110
+OK QPOP (version 2.3) at mail1.texas.net starting.
USER myusername
+OK Password required for mfincher.
PASS mypassword
+OK myusername has 1 message (1936 octets).
RETR 1
+OK 1936 octets
Your mail message is here .
DELE 1
+OK Message 1 has been deleted.
QUIT
+OK Pop server at mail1.texas.net signing off.
Common POP3 commands from http://www.andover.net/update/vol1is2.html:Command Comment USER joeuser (Enter your e-mail username) PASS password (Enter your mailbox password) LIST (List all messages and their sizes) STAT (Tell me how many messages there are and total size) TOP 3 20 (Show me the first 20 lines of message number 3) DELE 2 (Delete message number 2) RSET 2 (...on second thought, don't delete message number 2) RETR 6 (Show me all of message number 6) LAST (Tell me the number of the last message accessed) NOOP (Do nothing. Useful for testing the server's response) QUIT (I'm done with you. See you later. Have a nice life.) - you can simulate a browser by telnet'ing to port 80 of www.netscape.com and entering,
GET / HTTP/1.0 Accept: */* User-Agent: CestMoi/1.0
and the header returned from www.netscape.com is,HTTP/1.0 200 OK Server: Netscape-Enterprise/2.01 Date: Thu, 31 Jul 1997 14:02:25 GMT Content-type: text/html and a bunch of other stuff.
- To print the environmental variables passed to a cgi program use
the following.
#!/usr/bin/perl MAIN: { print "Content-type: text/html\n\n"; print "$ENV{'QUERY_STRING'}\n\n"; foreach $something (keys(%ENV)) { print "$something = $ENV{$something}\n"; } } Output will be like: GATEWAY_INTERFACE = ... REQUEST_METHOD = HTTPS = HTTP_REFERER = HTTP_USER_AGENT = HTTP_SEC_FETCH_USER = SERVER_PORT = REMOTE_PORT = HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE = HTTP_COOKIE =
- Speeds
ADSL receives 1.5Megabit transmission 384Kbit
T1 - 1.5 Megabit
T3 - 45 Megabit
ISDN - 64K + 64K
- What's a DNS?
Domain Name Service is a computer that translates human addresses (e.g., www.fincher.org) to numbers (e.g., 207.167.87.50 ). Sometimes you get a "Host not found" error, when the host is actually there. The problem is that the request to translate the human name to numbers is made via UDP (User Datagram Protocal) which can timeout during high traffic times. Most request on the web are sent using TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), which takes longer but is more reliable.
- How do I get the IP address given a url? A side effect of using "ping" on a site gives the IP address (this may not always work, since some sites no longer support "ping" because that "ping of death" attack). WebBug should always get it for you.
- A cool utility I like is webbug from Aman software. It shows the HTTP protocol flowing between browsers and servers. It shows things like the browser version, types of media, cookies passed.
- A good web server report log analyzer is Marketwave's Hit List. Available for free at http://www.marketwave.com
- A wonderful html validator is available free at netmechanic. They also have a GIFBot that reduces the size of your GIFs and JPEGs. Its great!
- To register your own domain name go to www.register.com.
- To lookup who owns a domain, try something like
http://www.internic.net/cgi-bin/whois?fincher.org - To view the dns records for a site
go to rs.internic.net/cgi-bin/whois and lookat the "Domain servers" at
the end of the page.
Then query that domain server for the dns record.nslookup - ns1.emcee.com >ls -d fincher.org
- RFC822 defines valid email addresses this way. No regular expression really captures this very well.
6. ADDRESS SPECIFICATION 6.1. SYNTAX addr-spec = local-part "@" domain ; global address local-part = word *("." word) ; uninterpreted ; case-preserved domain = sub-domain *("." sub-domain) sub-domain = domain-ref / domain-literal domain-ref = atom ; symbolic reference domain-literal = "[" *(dtext / quoted-pair) "]" atom = 1*<any CHAR except specials, SPACE and CTLs> specials = "(" / ")" / "<" / ">" / "@" ; Must be in quoted- / "," / ";" / ":" / "\" / <"> ; string, to use / "." / "[" / "]" ; within a word. word = atom / quoted-string